Guts and Governance: Honour Culture and Colonial Administration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As the previous chapter has demonstrated there were many sections of society into which the ideals of the duellists barely penetrated. Nevertheless honour culture was particularly entrenched within those very groups of gentlemen who were most likely to be tasked with service abroad, that is to say within the military and the political and administrative elite. Honour culture had an important role to play in the mentality of those administering His Majesty's colonial possessions, sustaining the homogeneity of a class over great distances and yet at the same time posing, as we shall see, constant threats to good governance. It was, of course, in the Americas that honour culture was most successfully implanted, but unfortunately, justice to the rich history of American duelling cannot be done here. Since revolution and independence came early within our period, I shall not pursue the American duel with vigour. Instead I have chosen to focus upon the remaining North American possession, Canada, and to compare duelling there with honour culture in an area of British dominion that was only later to become part of the empire, that is to say, those parts of India that were as yet still under the aegis of the East India Company. Naturally, honourable conduct in each location was influenced by dynamics sometimes peculiar to the local situation; small gentlemanly societies picked up nuances of their own. Differences between Canadian society and that of the British in India are easy to observe. However, the empire was inter connected and facets of behaviour were sufficiently uniform that, as aforementioned, the different gentlemanly societies in each location nevertheless formed a single cultural whole. As we shall see, men, and their disputes and reputations, moved between communities: a Canadian barrister became a judge in Sierra Leone; a quarrel between Indian administrators resulted in a duel in London; a dispute at Portsmouth was played out before the garrison at Gibraltar; and so on. The language of honour that was spoken in such disputes served along with a common heritage of law, of history and of fealty to unite men in very varied situations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".