Stormwater treatment using an ultrafiltration membrane and pulsatile fluid flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was used for stormwater treatment, with the focus on evaluating the increase in the membrane process productivity by adding pulsatile fluid flow to UF membrane treatment. Sedimentation and sieving were used as pre-treatment. The result showed that increasing the pulse frequency from 0 to 4 Hz increased productivity from −6.6 to 82 LMH. UF membrane removed suspended solids, oil and turbidity below detection limit. The UF membrane also separated total coliforms, E. coli and P. aeruginosa below detection limit. Total organic carbon (TOC) was reduced by between 81%, in average. In addition, the UF membrane was able to reduce BOD7 and COD to below 7 mg/L in the permeate. According to the US EPA, WHO, and national regulations in Canada, Japan, and South Korea, treated stormwater can be used for flushing toilets and streets irrigation and agricultural use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".