Ghosts, Home and Abroad in Montreal: The Diasporic Motive of Italian-Canadian Belonging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We need to be careful before saying that transatlantic belongings are generally strong and on the increase.First, what is at issue at times is longing rather than belonging: for instance the Québécois often feel rejected and jilted by the French, who rarely go to live in Québecoften preferring to make jokes about the Québécois accent.Second the images of belonging are imaginary, and the process of imagining distinctively reflects American culture rather than any primordial identity.The spaghetti with meatballs that marks Italian-American culture is unknown in Italy [...].(61) Hall rightly distinguishes "longing" from "belonging," the role of the imaginary as far as both, as well as the frustrations those who long experience when they do not belong.As we will argue, the Italian-Canadians longed before they belonged in Montreal.They felt jilted before they felt attached to Canada, as geographically speaking, to them Canada was just a land across the Atlantic Ocean, at the beginning of their immigration experience.To a certain extent, they resolved their identity issues as they gradually assimilated to the North-American culture.Images such as the "spaghetti with meatballs" stand for what Italian-American studies call the assimilation thesis."Spaghetti with meatballs" may be a trope for the adaptation/ assimilation of Italians on the North-American continent.It might just as well be a shortcut to Italian culture that is distilled in one, easily retainable image.As stereotypical as it may be, people love it because stereotypes are generally easy to understand.Our concern here is not the kind of stereotype it offers as we do not proceed with a dismantling of stereotypes in a direct kind of way.The contribution of this study is not that it will offer a "more accurate" rendition of the identity of a community, but that it will theorize a way to think about how identity processes occur at distance from the homeland.More specifically, we
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.034 | 0.020 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".