Children's sensitivity to authenticity in their extension of brand names
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Learning about the countless manufactured resources that surround us involves learning that they may be categorized according to the identity of their maker (i.e., their brand). Prior work indicates that children know some brand names as young as two years but has not examined whether young children understand that these expressions should be extended only to authentic products (i.e., those with a historical link to a particular maker) regardless of their perceptual appearance (i.e., the presence of a familiar trademark). Thirty-two 4-year-olds, 32 6-year-olds and 32 adults participated. Adults and 6-year-olds, but not 4-year-olds, systematically extended familiar brand names from a target product to other products that shared the same maker, even when this extension could not be based on perceptual appearance. By six years, children have begun to understand that a non-obvious historical property – maker identity – underlies the categorization of manufactured objects by brand.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it