Primate Cerebellar Scaling in Connection to the Cerebrum: A 34-Species Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The cerebellum has increasingly been recognized for its role in diverse functional processes. The reciprocally connected cerebello-cerebral system may scaffold both brain size increase and advanced associative abilities, evolving highly coordinately in primates. In parallel, functional cerebello-cerebral modules have undergone reorganization and cerebellar lobules crura I-II (the ansiform area across mammals) have been reported to be specifically expanded in humans. Here we manually segmented 63 cerebella (34 primate species; 9 infraorders) and 30 crura I-II (13 species; 8 infraorders). We show that both constraints and reorganization may shape the evolution of the primate cerebello-cerebral system. Using phylogenetic generalized least squares, we find that the cerebellum scales isometrically with the cerebral cortex, whereas crura I-II scale hyper-allometrically versus both. Our phylogenetic analyses evidence primate-general crura I-II hyperscaling in contrast to virtually isometric cerebello-cerebral scaling. Crura I-II hyperscaling may be important for associative and cognitive brain functions in an evolutionary context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".