Homojunction-Structured Cadmium Sulfide Enhances Photocatalytic Coproduction of Hydrogen and Kraft Lignin Conversion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Producing hydrogen energy and aromatic compounds simultaneously from kraft lignin under solar irradiation is a promising strategy for alleviating the energy crisis. However, the achieved photorefining process is not only limited by the complex structure of kraft lignin but also by the lack of efficient photocatalysts. Herein, we employed a simple strategy to prepare homojunction-structured cadmium sulfide with rich sulfur vacancies. The perfect lattice matching of the cubic zinc blende phase and hexagonal wurtzite phase realized the spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. With the assistance of rich sulfur vacancies, the well-designed photocatalyst exhibited an unprecedented hydrogen production ability (835.8 μmol·g –1 h –1 ) and value-added phenolic compounds were also generated by decomposing kraft lignin. This work will provide a mild and sustainable pathway to produce clean energy and value-added chemicals from kraft lignin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".