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Record W4328094191 · doi:10.54691/bcpbm.v38i.3716

Stock Price Prediction of Walmart Based on Combination of SVM and LS-SVM Models

2023· article· en· W4328094191 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueBCP Business & Management · 2023
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldDecision Sciences
TopicStock Market Forecasting Methods
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSupport vector machineOverfittingRandom forestStock (firearms)Computer scienceMachine learningArtificial intelligenceMean squared errorStock marketEconometricsStock priceEconomicsStatisticsMathematicsEngineeringArtificial neural network

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

One of the most significant operations in the finance sector is stock trading. The stock market is an essential part in the economy of a country and serves as the indicators of the situation of a country’s economy as the stock prices go up or down. Therefore, stock price prediction, the behavior of attempting to predict the potential worth of a corporation or any financial instruments successfully, will maximize investor’s gain, enhance market’s confidence, and help government policymakers to make economic decisions. In order to forecast the price of a stock, a machine learning approach is constructed in this study. The suggested algorithm includes random forest, support vector machine (SVM), and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM). In particular, the random forest is employed to select the most important features from the technical indicators calculated for stock price prediction. The SVM and the LS-SVM models are employed to predict the daily stock prices. Besides, R-Squared (R²), mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) are used for model evaluation. According to the results, both SVM and LS-SVM models can predict stock price well, but both algorithms are not suitable for large datasets, and overfitting problem exists. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of stock price predictions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.956
Threshold uncertainty score0.529

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0040.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.003
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.149
GPT teacher head0.366
Teacher spread0.218 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it