Marine Mammal Specimens in Thailand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Marine mammal researches and collection building in Thailand are summarized. Research activities are growing steadily. Marine mammal specimens are collected mainly in Phuket Marine Biological Center and in Bang Saen Marine Science Center. Proper efforts of accessing the present status of marine mammal fauna are necessary for the future conservation projects. Introduction Thailand is a country which extends from Indochina to the middle of Malay Peninsula and facing the Gulf of Thailand to the east and the Andaman Sea to the west. Marine mammal faunae of the both seas are apparently similar to each other in species composition. More serious trials of accessing marine mammal fauna, however, are important for establishing substantial understanding. Brief History of Marine Mammal Researches in Thailand The marine mammal study of Thailand was virtually started by Pilleri and Gihr (1 974) with their limited experiences of sighting cruises and museum visits. Lekagul and McNelly (1977) listed eight species of cetaceans from Thai waters. Perrin et al. (1995) summarized the researches that had been carried out in South Asian Countries including Thailand. Danish contributions on marine mammal researches were quite significant during the 1990s, especially in the earlier half. Carl C. Kinze and Michael Andersen of Zoological Museum, Copenhagen University played important roles in training Thai researchers with several workshops they organized. They also surveyed museum collect~ons in the country, made interviews with fishery people and worked with fresh dolphin specimens (Andersen & Kinze, 1995). Several Thai researchers had opportunities of experiencing postgraduate education in Denmark sponsored by Danish Government. Mahakunlayanakul(1996) reported species known from the extensive surveys that were made mainly on preserved specimens. Two bilateral exchange programs of Japan started in the late 1990s. The Core University Program of Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), on the one hand, and Collection Building and Natural History Studies in Asia and the Pacific Rim by the National Science Museum of Tokyo, on the other. Several joint research programs were already started (Adulyanukosol, 1998). Researchers from the United States and Canada have just about to start various types of marine mammal surveys both on cetaceans and sirenians (Dugong). T. K. Yamada, S. Chantrapornsyl, and K. Adlyanukosul Table 1. List of cetacean species hitherto confirmed from the coasts of Thailand
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".