A Technical Guide for Assessment, Setting Up, and Protection of Rockbolts for Hydroelectric Facilities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydro-Quebec owns more than 680 dams and dykes, and a large number of appurtenant structures such as powerhouses, spillways, and water intakes distributed among 100 hydroelectric installations. Such large structures require deep surface and underground rock excavations coupled with rock reinforcement systems that insure stability and safety. The geological context for most of these hydroelectric installations requires ground support design, which mainly relies on permanent mechanically anchored rock bolts, fully grouted after installation. Over the years visual inspections revealed noteworthy corrosion on visible parts of rock bolts in delimited areas. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an industrial research project initiated to investigate the extent of corrosion, its effect on bolt serviceability, and possible causes of premature rock bolts aging in a hydroelectric setting. This paper will present the importance and benefits of rock bolt environmental characterization, selection of suitable corrosion protection, and implementation of selected protection. The outcomes of this research served for the development of a technical guide to be used for inspection and maintenance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.066 | 0.042 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".