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Record W4361855948 · doi:10.55365/1923.x2023.21.20

How Are the Balkan Countries Progressing Toward Green Economy?

2023· article· en· W4361855948 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueReview of Economics and Finance · 2023
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
TopicSocio-economic Development and Sustainability
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMontenegroGreen growthEuropean unionGreen economyInvestment (military)Order (exchange)Greenhouse gasEconomicsEconomyBusinessEu countriesEconomic policyNatural resource economicsInternational tradeGeographyPolitical scienceRegional scienceSustainable developmentFinanceEcology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Green growth mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and prevents environmental degradation.It creates new growth engines and jobs.A green economy is characterised as a public good.In it, income growth and employment should be driven by public and private investment (UNEP, 2011).The main purpose of this paper is to present a general picture of green growth for the Balkan countries that are not part of the European Union, as well as to evaluate the indicators where these economies have performed better and where they need to intervene in order to improve.To achieve this goal, the paper uses data obtained from OECD.Stat.The OECD Green Growth data source contains specific indicators to monitor improvement through green growth.We selected data for five Balkan countries that are not part of the European Union (Albania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia) for the years from 1990 to 2020.The variables used in this paper are indicators of green growth, and we will use them to observe which of the countries taken in the study has progressed more towards green growth.The results of the paper guide governments to design relevant policies in those variables where they have performed the weakest.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.887
Threshold uncertainty score0.834

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.232
Teacher spread0.194 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it