Inducing skyrmion flop transitions in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>Co</mml:mi><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Zn</mml:mi><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Mn</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> at room temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are topologically-protected spin textures that manifest in certain noncentrosymmetric ferromagnets under the right conditions of temperature and field. In thin-film skyrmion hosts, demagnetization effects combined with geometric confinement can result in two distinct types of spin textures: those with their axis of symmetry in the plane of the film (IP) and those with their axis pointing out-of-plane (OOP). Here we present Lorentz transmission electron microscopy evidence in conjunction with numerical modeling showing a flop transition between IP and OOP skyrmions in ${\mathrm{Co}}_{8}{\mathrm{Zn}}_{8}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{4}$ at room temperature. We show that this skyrmion flop transition is controllable via the angle of the external field relative to the film normal and we illustrate how this transition depends on thickness. Finally, we propose a skyrmion-writing device that utilizes the details of this transition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.719 | 0.012 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".