Morphology of the larvae of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) and phylogenetic comparison with other known Aciliini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe the larvae of the diving-beetle genus Sandracottus Sharp, 1882 based on S. femoralis Heller, 1934 and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843). We include detailed morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, terminal abdominal segment and urogomphi in order to discover useful characters for distinguishing Sandracottus larvae from those of other known Aciliini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae). A provisional parsimony analysis based on larval characteristics of seven Aciliini species in four genera (Acilius Leach, 1817, Graphoderus Dejean, 1833, Sandracottus, Thermonectus Dejean, 1833) was conducted using the program TNT. A clade grouping Eretini and Aciliini stands out as the most strongly supported in this analysis. The tribe Aciliini finds itself monophyletic with also very good support. Our analysis, however, failed to depict any clear phylogenetic relationships within the Aciliini although each of the four genera studied emerged from our study as morphologically distinct.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".