Phenol biodegradation in a bioreactor considering different geometries and process parameters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this study, a three‐dimensional coupled lattice Boltzmann model and cellular automata platform was developed to simulate biofilm growth and phenol biodegradation as an effective and sustainable way to remove phenolic contaminants in aquatic systems. Two three‐dimensional bioreactors with cubic or spherical obstacles at varying inlet phenol concentrations and flow velocities were examined. The results showed that the cubic‐bioreactor had higher phenol reduction than the spheric‐bioreactor due to the greater effects of cubic obstacles on flow patterns. The biofilm concentration in bioreactors decreased up to 36.4% as inlet velocity increased and in the spheric‐bioreactor at the same inlet phenol concentration. The cubic‐bioreactor had the highest normalized reduction rate of 1.194 at the lowest inlet phenol concentration, while the spheric‐bioreactor had the lowest one of 0.871 at the highest inlet phenol concentration. The results proved the accuracy of the model to assess the performance of wastewater treatment bioreactors under different conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".