Effects of remimazolam on cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in elderly undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery: a retrospective exploratory study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Remimazolam is a new type of benzodiazepine, which has been widely used for general anesthesia and sedation. However, the association between remimazolam and intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in older patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of general anesthesia with remimazolam during nasal endoscopic surgery on intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive function in the elderly.Methods This single-center retrospective study reviewed data from patients older than 65 years who underwent nasal endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia at our institution between December 2020 and December 2021. Patient intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were obtained from patient records. According to the sedatives used in anesthesia, the patients were divided into the remimazolam (R) and propofol groups (P) for analysis.Results Sixty patients were included in the final analysis (R group, n = 30; P group, n = 30). The relative maximum reduction of intraoperative rcSO2 was significantly lower in the R group than in the P group (P < 0.05), and the rcSO2 in the R group was significantly higher than in the P group (P < 0.05) after intraoperative controlled hypotension. However, there was no significant difference in MoCA scores between the two groups.Conclusion Remimazolam may benefit elderly patients during nasal endoscopic surgery in terms of rcSO2, but has no significant association with postoperative cognitive function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".