Influence of Hydrogen Sulfide on Adsorption Behavior of CO2/CH4 Mixtures in Calcite Nanopores with the Implications for CO2 Sequestration
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Injecting CO2 into reservoirs for storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a practical and cost-effective strategy for achieving carbon neutrality. Commonly, CO2-rich industrial waste gas is employed as the CO2 source, whereas contaminants such as H2S may severely impact carbon storage and EOR via competitive adsorption. Hence, the adsorption behavior of CH4, CO2, and H2S in calcite (CaCO3) micropores and the impact of H2S on CO2 sequestration and methane recovery are specifically investigated using molecular simulation. The Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were applied to study the adsorption characteristics of pure CO2, CH4, and H2S, and their multi-component mixtures are also investigated in calcite nanopores to reveal the impact of H2S on CO2 storage. The effect of pressure (0-20 MPa), temperature (293.15-383.15 K), pore width, buried depth and gas mole fraction on the adsorption behaviors are simulated. Molecular dynamics simulations (MD) were performed to explore the diffusion characteristics of the three gases and their mixes. The amount of adsorbed CH4, CO2, and H2S enhances with rising pressure and declines with rising temperature. The order of adsorption quantity in calcite nanopores is H2S>CO2>CH4, whereas the order of adsorption strength between the three gases and calcite is CO2>H2S>CH4 based on the interaction energy analysis. At 10 MPa and 3215 K, the interaction energies of calcite with CO2, H2S, and CH4 are -2166.40, -2076.93, and -174.57 kcal/mol, respectively. The CH4-calcite and H2S-calcite interaction energies are dominated by van der Waals energy, whereas electrostatic energy predominates in the CO2-calcite system. The adsorption loading of CH4 and CO2 are lowered by approximately 59.47% and 24.82% when the mole fraction of H2S is 20% at 323.15 K, reflecting the weakening of CH4 and CO2 adsorption by H2S due to competitive adsorption. The diffusivities of three pure gases in calcite nanopore are listed in the following order: CO2 > H2S > CH4. The presence of H2S in the ternary mixtures will limit diffusion and outflow of the system and each component gas, with CH4 being the gas most affected by H2S. The CO2/CH4 mixture can be buried in formations as shallow as 1000-1500 m, but the ternary mixture should be stored in deeper formations. The effects of H2S on CO2 sequestration and CH4 recovery in calcite nanopores are clarified, which provides theoretical assistance for CO2 storage and EOR projects in carbonate formation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it