Freshwater Fisheries in Canada: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on the Resources and Their Management
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract.—The Atlantic Region of Canada is comprised of Newfoundland and Labrador and the three Maritime Provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. The region has a long history of inland fisheries that have supplied economic, recreational, and subsistence opportunities to the people of the area. Many of these fisheries are relatively small compared to the marine fisheries of the region and thus are often overlooked with respect to science information and economic impact. Due to the coastal nature of the region, many of the species captured in inland waters can have a diadromous life cycle. Salmonids, especially Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax, are the most widely fished species throughout the region’s recreational fisheries. American Eel Anguilla rostrata is fished commercially in all four provinces, but most of the other commercial fisheries are more local in nature. Indigenous fisheries, which generally target the same species as the commercial and recreational fisheries, are widespread throughout the region. Many fisheries in the region have suffered declines over the past few decades with the most iconic species of the region, Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar, being an prime example. There is no one reason for these declines as there are a number of past, current and future stressors at play within these ecosystems. In many respects, the fisheries of this region face an uncertain future and, if they are to continue to supply economic benefits, recreational opportunities and to support society, it will take a concerted effort from all the players involved in the fisheries as well as the ability to be adaptable with respect to management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".