Unfolding the Interactions between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in cellular redox state due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While homeostatic levels of ROS are important for cell physiology and signaling, excess ROS can induce a variety of negative effects ranging from damage to biological macromolecules to cell death. Additionally, oxidative stress can disrupt the function of redox-sensitive organelles including the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the case of the ER, the accumulation of misfolded proteins can arise due to oxidative stress, leading to the onset of ER stress. To combat ER stress, cells initiate a highly conserved stress response called the unfolded protein response (UPR). While UPR signaling, within the context of resolving ER stress, is well characterised, how UPR mediators respond to and influence oxidative stress is less defined. In this review, we evaluate the interplay between oxidative stress, ER stress and UPR signaling networks. Specifically, we assess how UPR signaling mediators can influence antioxidant responses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".