Dual Catalytic Sites of Alloying Effect Bloom CO<sub>2</sub> Catalytic Conversion for Highly Stable Li–CO<sub>2</sub> Battery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Owing to the ingenious utilization of CO 2 conversion electrochemistry, rechargeable Li–CO 2 batteries, have attracted more and more attention. However, the large potential polarization resulting from the sluggish CO 2 reduction/evolution electrochemistry degrades energy efficiency and cycling performance. One possibility to break the kinetic bottlenecks of ‐Li–CO 2 batteries is to design high‐efficiency catalysts with flexible geometric and electronic structures. Herein, an efficient synergistic catalyst with unique alloyed dual catalytic sites composed of uniformly ultrafine Ir–Ru alloyed nanoparticles modified nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotube composite (denoted as IrRu/N‐CNT) is synthesized. Combining the synergistic effect between the remarkably enhanced catalytic activity of Ir–Ru dual catalytic sites, the Li–CO 2 battery delivers a high discharge capacity of 6228 mAh g −1 and outstanding stability over 7660 h. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results uncover that the excellent electrochemical performance is ascribed to the novel dual catalytic sites on the surface of IrRu nanoalloys, which effectively modify its electronic structures and shorten the electron transfer pathway, leading to the deposition of film‐like Li 2 CO 3 products. This study highlights the novel view of building a dual catalytic site and provides some new insights for understanding the catalytic mechanism of an alloying‐type bifunctional catalyst toward realizing high‐performance Li–CO 2 batteries.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".