Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite has been used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant for over 200 years, and manufacturers produce more than 2 billion gallons of aqueous NaOCl every year. Yet despite that long history, chemists have only just determined its crystal structure ( Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108843 ). “I think it’s one of those things that was hiding in plain sight, that somehow slipped through the cracks,” says McGill University’s Tomislav Friščić, who led the work. Solid sodium hypochlorite is highly hydrated (NaOCl∙5H 2 O) and rapidly liquefies at room temperature, so Friščić’s team carried out X-ray diffraction on a single crystal of the solid at –100 °C. This revealed alternating layers of hydrated sodium (Na + ) and hypochlorite (ClO – ) ions in the crystal. Each Na + is surrounded by an octahedron of six water molecules, while the other layer contains a chain of water
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".