Decoherence and nonclassicality of photon-added and photon-subtracted multimode Gaussian states
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photon addition and subtraction render Gaussian states non-Gaussian. We provide a quantitative analysis of the change in nonclassicality produced by these processes by analyzing the Wigner negativity and quadrature coherence scale (QCS) of the resulting states. The QCS is a recently introduced measure of nonclassicality [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 080402 (2019); Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 090402 (2020)], which we show to undergo a relative increase under photon addition and subtraction that can be as large as 200%. This implies that the degaussification and the concomitant increase of nonclassicality come at a cost. Indeed, the QCS is proportional to the decoherence rate of the state so that the resulting states are considerably more prone to environmental decoherence. Our results are quantitative and rely on explicit and general expressions for the characteristic and Wigner functions of photon-added and -subtracted single- and multimode Gaussian states for which we provide a simple and straightforward derivation. These expressions further allow us to certify the quantum non-Gaussianity of the photon-subtracted states with positive Wigner function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".