Knowledge-Based Features for Speech Analysis and Classification: Pronunciation Diagnoses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accurate pronunciation of speech sounds is essential in communication. As children learn their native language, they refine the movements necessary for intelligible speech. While there is variability in the order of acquisition of speech sounds, there are some sounds that are more complex and are later developing. The rhotic /r/ is a later-developing sound in English, and some children require intervention to achieve accurate production. Additionally, individuals learning English as a second language may have difficulty learning accurate /r/ production, especially if their native language does not have an /r/, or the /r/ they produce is at a different place of articulation. The goal of this research is to provide a novel approach on how a knowledge-based intelligence program can provide immediate feedback on the accuracy of productions. In the proposed approach, the audio signals will first be detected, after which features of audio signals will be extracted, and finally, knowledge-based intelligent classification will be performed. Based on the obtained knowledge and application scenarios, novel features are proposed and used to classify various speaker scenarios.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".