High versus low frequency transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation as an adjunct therapy to prevent nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours after infusion of high-grade emetic chemotherapy: A randomized controlled trial
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) has been tested as antiemetic therapy. Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of two different frequencies of the electrical current as adjunctive therapy in the prevention of nausea and vomiting. Methods: This placebo-controlled clinical trial compared the incidence of nausea and vomiting (within the first 24 hours after high-grade emetic chemotherapy infusion) of 61 women (54 ± 11 years) with breast cancer undergoing three modes of TAES: high frequency (HF:150 Hz), low frequency (LF:10 Hz), and placebo (P). Electrodes were fixed at the acupuncture point PC6 and a symmetric bipolar current (pulse width 200 μs) was applied in a single 30-minute session prior to the start of chemotherapy infusion. All patients receive fixed antiemetic treatment infusions (ondansetron 8 mg) and rescue medication instructions, if necessary, according to the routine for infusions of cyclophosphamide associated with anthracycline. Results: The incidence of nausea was 47% in P, 45% in HF and 26% in LF. Although not significant, the intervention with LF-TAES at PC6 acupoint reached relevant values in reducing the relative risk of developing nausea (RR = 0.51; CI 95% = 0.18 to 1.44; p = 0.18) and a trend toward improved reported well-being (p = 0.06) and a lower Edmonton Symptom Rating Scale score (p = 0.08). The incidence of vomiting and the consumption of rescue antiemetic doses were very similar between the groups. Conclusion: New studies with LF and HF of TAES as adjuvant therapy for the prevention of nausea and vomiting should be carried out to confirm this hypothesis.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it