Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Gujarati Version Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Patellofemoral Subscale for Early Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Context: The condition of knee pain is common across Gujarat state but identification of joint structure involvement is burdensome in the early cases. The earliest symptom/s patients reported early are anterior knee pain and difficulty in weight-bearing activities. By reviewing the related literature, the researcher states that these symptoms frame the involvement of patellofemoral joints. A dialect tool is not available to evaluate the symptoms of Gujarati speaking population. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for patellofemoral (KOOS-PF) scale was developed in the year 2018 using COSMIN guidelines for spotting patellofemoral disorders. It was a valid tool published in the English language. Aims: The study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate of KOOS-PF scale in the Gujarati language for the early patellofemoral arthritis population. Settings and Design: This validation study was carried out in six regional orthopedic hospitals. Subjects and Methods: A translation and cross-cultural adaptation process was conducted using Beaton D. 2002 guidelines. It was administered to 144 early patellofemoral arthritis patients to determine the psychometric properties. Results: A total of 144 participants with a mean age of 46.61 ± 4.31 were recruited. The internal consistency measures showed low Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.124). The participants completed the second administration of the Gujarati version scale for good test–retest reliability , r = 0.938. There were no floor and ceiling effects. The convergent validity was confirmed with a moderate negative correlation with Gujarati version modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index ( r = −0.527). Factor analysis explained that the scale was loaded on three factors. Conclusions: The analysis identified deficits in reliability and convergent validity of the Gujarati version of the KOOS-PF scale suggestive of the development of a new condition-specific tool for the early cases which can be used in research and clinical practice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".