Complex cross-incompatibility in morning glories is consistent with a role for mating system in plant speciation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reproductive isolation between selfing and outcrossing species can arise through diverse mechanisms, some of which are directly associated with differences in mating system. We dissected cross-incompatibility between the highly selfing morning glory Ipomoea lacunosa and its mixed-mating sister species Ipomoea cordatotriloba. We found that cross-incompatibility is complex, with contributions acting both before and after fertilization. We then investigated whether the transition in mating system may have facilitated the evolution of these reproductive barrier components through mismatched floral morphology, differences in reproductive context, or both. We found evidence that morphological mismatch likely contributes to reproductive isolation in at least one cross-direction and that other pollen-pistil interactions are present. We also identified hybrid seed inviability consistent with the predictions of the weak-inbreeder, strong-outbreeder hypotheses, suggesting endosperm misregulation plays an important role in cross-incompatibility. In contrast, we did not find evidence consistent with the prezygotic weak-inbreeder, strong-outbreeder hypothesis. Our study highlights the complexity of reproductive isolation between outcrossing and selfing species and the extent to which evolutionary consequences of mating system transitions can facilitate speciation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".