Wondrous Exchange: The Economy of Salvation in the Reformation<sup>1</sup>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The theme of “Conversion” is prominent in writings of Protestant reformers of the sixteenth century. Conversion is variously construed as a sudden reorientation of perspective, or, alternatively, as a gradual, ongoing process of readjustment of behavior. Change of religious orientation can be cognitive or habitual, passive or active, and can depend upon a range of moral ontological assumptions. A traditional antiphon in the Octave of Christmas invokes the language of exchange – “O admirabile commertium” – which is echoed by Jean Calvin in his reference to the Sacrament of the Eucharist as “mirifica commutatio”, “wondrous exchange.” This language harks back to the scriptural concept of covenant. This essay will explore the reformers’ employment of mercantile metaphors in their discourse of conversion. In addition to Calvin attention will be paid to Erasmus, Martin Luther, the Florentine reformer Peter Martyr Vermigli, the French Zwinglian Antoine de Marcourt, and to the Elizabethan divine Richard Hooker.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".