Bibliographic record
Abstract
In his seminal study Islam in South Asia, Jamal Malik contends that studies on Islam and Muslims should be done in the light of articulations of specific social and cultural realities. This is because the context and content of mundane ordinary life are overlooked by primarily focusing on theological reflections, prescribed normativity and institutionalized religion. Everyday life experiences of believers allow for a wider interpretation of religions, as lived and situated within specific contexts. This argument is anchored in the concept of "lived religion" (la religion vécue) derived from the French sociology of religion. It provides an ethnographic framework for comprehending the everyday practices, attitudes and experiences of social agents, who as narrators and interpreters of their own personal spiritual experiences and religious practices are more valuable than theological texts, rituals and institutions. Their experiences, practices and interpretations hold lived meaning and thus serve as insightful sources for textual analysis. They enact religion in specific local contexts to reveal what it means to be religious on an individual level rather than on the social level. This study examines dimensions of Pakistani Muslim diaspora religiosity to explain what tactical mechanisms of negotiation they adopt to (re)live Islam in Canada's multicultural society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.022 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".