ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION BY THE NATIONAL BANK OF UKRAINE OF THE MAIN TOOLS AND LEVERS OF MONETARY AND CREDIT POLICY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of scientific research is determined, namely analysis application of the main instruments by the National Bank of Ukraine and levers of influence to ensure the optimal level of monetary and credit politicians. The list of key levers of influence of the National Bank of Ukraine on the monetary sector is considered. The economic essence of the concept of "instruments of monetary policy" is highlighted. The key instruments of direct and indirect influence of monetary policy are defined. The limits of influence of instruments of monetary activity are characterized. The essence of the concept of "accounting rate of the National Bank of Ukraine" within the limits of the current legislation is given. The dynamics of the discount rate of the National Bank of Ukraine for the years 2017-06/03/2022 were considered. The role of the influence of the National Bank of Ukraine on the discount rate is determined. It is noted that the discount rate affects the volumes of household consumption and investment, as well as inflation. According to the current legislation, it is determined that the National Bank for the purpose of regulation of the money market can carry out transactions with purchase/sale of government bonds of Ukraine both on the stock exchange and over-the-counter stock market. The essence of the concept of "domestic state loan bonds" within the limits of the current legislation is highlighted. An analysis of the volume and number of domestic state loan bonds placed on the primary market in terms of currencies during 2015–2021 was carried out. The purpose of operations on the secondary market by the National Bank of Ukraine has been determined. The dynamics of the volume of executed agreements on the purchase/sale of domestic government loan bonds on the secondary market during the analyzed period were studied. The indicators of the money supply in terms of monetary aggregates are presented and characterized. The volume of operations on the mobilization of banks' funds by placing deposit certificates for the years 2015–2021 was analyzed. It is noted that these indicators affect business activity in the country, pricing, investment level, money supply, etc. The use of monetary policy instruments by such foreign countries as Canada, Italy, Japan, the USA and Germany is characterized.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".