Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the post-pandemic internationalization behavior of Paraguayan firms using a comparative multiple-case study design as research methodology. Data was collected through qualitative, in-depth interviews with senior managers of Paraguayan case study firms and other sources of evidence in 2022. The findings of this study suggest that the post-pandemic internationalization behavior differs from the pre-pandemic behavior. The data reveals that Paraguayan firms seem to have digitized their internationalization processes to connect with customers and distributors, to increase the productivity of internationalization, to manage internationalization cost, and to develop online distribution and marketing channels to acquire international customers directly. The “working from home” trend allows them to recruit more experts from abroad and with their global exporter business model, they may flexibly respond to business opportunities and to a growing geopolitical risk. The findings of this study have implications for practice and theory. Managers may use the results to improve their internationalization processes. Researchers may continue this research with quantitative research methods and in other countries to strengthen and verify the results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".