The Role of Governments in Driving Industry 4.0 Adoption in Emerging Countries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Industry 4.0 contributes to the virtualization of production system and enhances capabilities. However, the adoption process poses substantial challenges for SMEs in emerging markets due to institutional voids, resources, and public supports. This study explores the role of government in adopting Industry 4.0 by the SMEs and how organizational structure influences the process. It employed a quantitative approach and surveyed 225 managers. Industry 4.0 adoption is significantly influenced by government policy and subsidies. Government policy and subsidy transform organizational structure to be more transparent and flexible, streamlining them in adopting Industry 4.0. The organizational structure substantially mediates the relationships between government policy, subsidy, and Industry 4.0 adoption. This study implies that governments are vital in helping SMEs to adopt Industry 4.0 in emerging markets. Thus, governments should make policies that support technology adoption by offering sufficient funding/subsidies to boost innovation and technological transformation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".