Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This chapter reviews religious involvement in UK child migration programs—particularly in the post-war period—with particular attention to how this work harmed children in their care. The UK child migration programs can also be understood as part of wider nation-building projects in Commonwealth countries that also included native assimilationist policies, including the removal of children from Indigenous communities in Australia and Canada. It is helpful to reflect on what this case study suggests about how religion and migration can intersect in ways that can harm vulnerable people. Such harm can arise not only through the ideas, assumptions, and practices of individual religious actors or organizations, but as a consequence of wider organizational and policy contexts as well. In a number of important respects, British child migrants were harmed because of an over-complex and fragmented system of governance, in which children were insufficiently protected from the competing interests of government departments and voluntary societies. The chapter then illustrates how the internal cultures of religious organizations also contribute to these harms. For those religious organizations involved in the UK child migration programs, their work was always underpinned with a sense of spiritual and moral legitimacy that proved resistant to critiques made of it at the time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".