Oxygen‐Induced Reversible Degradation of Perovskite Solar Cells
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
After remarkable progress over the past decades, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) currently exhibit efficient solar power conversion efficiency. However, the environmental instability of perovskite materials and devices is still a serious issue, impeding the future commercialization of this technology. Herein, why PSCs degrade in air is investigated and it is found that one of the critical reasons for the air‐induced PSC degradation is the doping of the 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis( N,N‐ di ‐p ‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9′‐spirobi‐fluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) hole‐transport layer with oxygen. Photoelectron yield spectroscopy reveals that the hole‐transport level of the spiro‐OMeTAD layer becomes deeper by oxygen doping, increasing an energy barrier for hole extraction. In other words, decreased hole extraction at the perovskite/spiro‐OMeTAD interface induces the degradation of PSCs in air. However, this oxygen‐induced degradation of PSCs is reversible to some extent by storing PSCs in a vacuum to remove oxygen. In contrast, no detectable degradation of the perovskite light absorber is observed after ≈600 h of air exposure from the results of morphological and structural characterizations. These aspects provide a deeper understanding of PSCs degradation, giving insight into improving long‐term durability in air in the future.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it