Characterization of Mode I and Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness in CNT-Enhanced CFRP under Various Temperature and Loading Rates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of temperature and loading rate on the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture behavior of carbon-nanotubes-enhanced carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CNT-CFRP). CNT-induced toughening of the epoxy matrix is characterized by producing CFRP with varying loading of CNT areal density. CNT-CFRP samples were subjected to varying loading rates and testing temperatures. Fracture surfaces of CNT-CFRP were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness increased with increasing amount of CNT to an optimum value of 1 g/m2, then decreased at higher CNT amounts. Moreover, it was found that CNT-CFRP fracture toughness increased linearly with the loading rate in Mode I and Mode II. On the other hand, different responses to changing temperature were observed; Mode I fracture toughness increased when elevating the temperature, while Mode II fracture toughness increased with increasing up to room temperature and decreased at higher temperatures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".