Hydrogen-brine interfacial tension at subsurface conditions: Implication for hydrogen geo-storage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Underground hydrogen storage is a promising technique to store a high volume of hydrogen in deep geological formations that can be recovered for energy generation if there is a need. The interaction between the hydrogen and resident formation brine can strongly influence the design and implementation of underground hydrogen storage. In this regard, the interfacial tension between hydrogen and formation brine is an important factor that affects the pore-scale hydrogen distribution and storage capacity. However, the experimental data for the interfacial tension of hydrogen with brine in subsurface conditions are scarce, and thus far, a limited number of studies have measured the interfacial tension between hydrogen and brine. Therefore, herein, an explicit correlation was proposed to calculate the interfacial tension of hydrogen and brine systems at different geo-storage conditions. The developed model is a function of the temperature, pressure, and salinity of the brine. The overall error analysis for the model exhibits fair agreement with the reported experimental data. The developed model outperformed the published correlations in the literature and resulted in R squared and AAPRE values of 0.997 and 0.738, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".