Parallel origins and functions of T cells and ILCs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue resident cells that are triggered through a relatively broad spectrum of alarmins, inflammatory cues, neuropeptides, and hormones. Functionally, ILCs are akin to subsets of helper T cells and are characterized by a similar effector cytokine profile. They also share a dependency on many of the same essential transcription factors identified for the maintenance and survival of T cells. The key distinguishing factor between the ILC family and T cells is the lack of antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) on ILCs and, thus, they can be considered the "ultimate invariant T cells". ILCs, like T cells, orchestrate downstream effector inflammatory responses by adjusting the cytokine microenvironment in a fashion that promotes protection, health, and homeostasis at mucosal barrier sites. But also, like T cells, ILCs have recently been implicated in several pathological inflammatory disease states. This review focuses on the selective role of ILCs in the development of allergic airway inflammation (AAI) and fibrosis in the gut where a complex ILC interplay has been shown to either attenuate or worsen disease. Finally, we discuss new data on TCR gene rearrangements in subsets of ILCs that challenge the current dogma linking their origin to committed bone marrow progenitors and instead propose a thymic origin for at least some ILCs. In addition, we highlight how naturally occurring TCR rearrangements and the expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules in ILCs provide a useful natural barcode for these cells and may prove instrumental in studying their origins and plasticity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".