Bibliographic record
Abstract
The International Research Group for the Comparative Charting of Social Change (ccsc) is a consortium of social scientists from ten nations whose work together examines recent social trends since 1960 within and between their societies.Their work comprises both descriptive tracking and comparative assessment of social trends.In addition to dozens of published articles, the ccsc group has published twelve volumes in a McGill-Queen's University Press series.This volume is the thirteenth in the set.This volume focuses on the social incorporation of ethnic groups in six societies from the 1960s to the 2000s.Social incorporation refers to the processes by which an existing system integrates newer components.The results of social incorporation processes are variable, and conditioned by historical, cultural, and structural factors.The national reports and the conceptual framework presented in this work amply demonstrate the diversity of ethnic social incorporation processes and results.Contrary to predictions and pronouncements made in the mid-twentieth century, ethnic pluralism has increased dramatically in North America and significantly in Europe.The post-9/11 emphasis on international border security may have led to a sourer public tone over issues of migration and multiculturalism, but it has barely affected the forty-year trend of increasing labour mobility and sustained high levels of migration.The ethnic pluralism accompanying the trend of expanding migration has resulted in sustained public debate and academic examination.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.374 | 0.191 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".