Bibliographic record
Abstract
1985 for the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada (the Macdonald Commission), Richard Harris's background study on trade and industrial policy appeared at a critical juncture in the country's postwar development.The Canadian economy had enjoyed a sustained period of economic growth from the late 1940s to the early 1970s, but experienced two major recessions in the following decade.Both employment and inflation remained at stubbornly high levels during this period, with little agreement on appropriate policy responses to these problems (Campbell 1991).Equally challenging was the dramatic change to the competitive position of a broad cross section of the manufacturing economy, arising from the emergence of competitors among newly industrializing nations and increased protectionism in the US economy.The first stirrings of a far-reaching technological revolution were at the core of these changes, driven by the introduction of microelectronics technologies embedded in semiconductors and microprocessors that would gradually disrupt virtually every sector of the economy over the coming decades.While the economic benefits delivered by the signing of the Auto Pact with the US in 1965 were still continuing to flow to the central Canadian economy, other traditional industrial sectors, including textiles, shipbuilding, and food processing were undergoing major structural changes and the government was struggling to help these sectors adapt to the more competitive global environment that they
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.327 | 0.170 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".