CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products from carbonate capture liquid
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alkali hydroxide systems capture CO 2 as carbonate; however, generating a pure CO 2 stream requires significant energy input, typically from thermal cycling to 900°C. What is more, the subsequent valorization of gas-phase CO 2 into products presents additional energy requirements and system complexities, including managing the formation of (bi)carbonate in an electrolyte and separating unreacted CO 2 downstream. Here, we report the direct electrochemical conversion of CO 2 , captured in the form of carbonate, into multicarbon (C 2+ ) products. Using an interposer and a Cu/CoPc-CNTs electrocatalyst, we achieve 47% C 2+ Faradaic efficiency at 300 mA cm −2 and a full cell voltage of 4.1 V. We report 56 wt % of C 2 H 4 and no detectable C 1 gas in the product gas stream: CO, CH 4 , and CO 2 combined total below 0.9 wt % (0.1 vol %). This approach obviates the need for energy to regenerate lost CO 2 , an issue seen in prior CO 2 -to-C 2+ reports.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".