Changes in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and self-reported cognitive function in cancer survivors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and reductions in sedentary behavior (SED) may mitigate cancer-related cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the associations between changes in PA, SED, and cognitive function in cancer survivors before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; and (b) clinical subgroups that moderate this association. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was administered online to adult cancer survivors globally between July and November of 2020. This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey examining changes in self-reported PA and quality of life in cancer survivors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reported Questionnaires assessed moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) using the modified Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire, cognitive function using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog) scale, and SED using the Domain-specific Sitting Time questionnaire. Cancer survivors were classified into no change in behavior, desirable change (i.e., increase MVPA to meet PA guidelines or decrease SED by ≥60 min/day), and undesirable change (i.e., decrease MVPA to <150 min/week or increase SED by ≥60 min/day). Analysis of covariance examined differences in FACT-Cog scores across the activity change categories. Planned contrasts compared differences in FACT-Cog scores between cancer survivors with (a) no meaningful change vs. any change, and (b) a desirable change vs. an undesirable change. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in FACT-Cog scores across activity-change categories in the full sample of cancer survivors (n = 371; age = 48.6 ± 15.3 years (mean ± SD)). However, cancer survivors who were diagnosed ≥5 years ago (t(160) = -2.15, p = 0.03) or who received treatment ≥5 years ago (t(102) = -2.23, p = 0.03) and who had a desirable change in activity reported better perceived cognitive abilities than those who had an undesirable change. CONCLUSION: PA promotion efforts should consider reducing SED in addition to maintaining MVPA in long-term cancer survivors to mitigate cancer-related cognitive impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".