Online Semi-Supervised Classification on Multilabel Evolving High-Dimensional Text Streams
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The multilabel learning task aims to predict the associated multiple classes of a given example simultaneously. Such task becomes more challenging when data arrives in stream since it requires concept drift adaptative, robust, and fast algorithm. In this article, we present an online semi-supervised classification algorithm (OSMTS) for multilabel text streams. By leveraging a few labeled instances, OSMTS dynamically maintains the subspace of terms for each label with a set of evolving micro-clusters. For multilabel classification,$k$nearest micro-clusters are employed for prediction by using a nonparametric Dirichlet model. To handle the gradual concept drift in term space, the triangular time function is adopted to calculate the difference between term arriving time and cluster life span. Whereas, abrupt concept drift is dealt by considering two procedures: 1) deleting outdated micro-cluster by exploiting the exponential decay function and 2) creating new micro-clusters by adopting the Chinese restaurant process based on the Dirichlet process. The conducted experimental study provides a comparison with 12 state-of-the-art algorithms on nine datasets in terms of classification performance, runtime, and memory consumption.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".