A Scalable Federated Learning Approach for Collaborative Smart Healthcare Systems With Intermittent Clients Using Medical Imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The healthcare industry is one of the most vulnerable to cybercrime and privacy violations because health data is very sensitive and spread out in many places. Recent confidentiality trends and a rising number of infringements in different sectors make it crucial to implement new methods that protect data privacy while maintaining accuracy and sustainability. Moreover, the intermittent nature of remote clients with imbalanced datasets poses a significant obstacle for decentralized healthcare systems. Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized and privacy-protecting approach to deep learning and machine learning models. In this article, we implement a scalable FL framework for interactive smart healthcare systems with intermittent clients using chest X-ray images. Remote hospitals may have imbalanced datasets with intermittent clients communicating with the FL global server. The data augmentation method is used to balance datasets for local model training. In practice, some clients may leave the training process while others join due to technical or connectivity issues. The proposed method is tested with five to eighteen clients and different testing data sizes to evaluate performance in various situations. The experiments show that the proposed FL approach produces competitive results when dealing with two distinct problems, such as intermittent clients and imbalanced data. These findings would encourage medical institutions to collaborate and use rich private data to quickly develop a powerful patient diagnostic model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".