Further flight data on jet transport cruising flight wake vortex characteristics.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-3681.vid Heavy Category jet transport aircraft wake vortex flow-fields in high altitude cruising flight have been studied by the NRC since 2006. This followed initial NRC research flights in 1967-70. From these first measurements, of particular note were small-size, high-strength vortical elements, in both NRC high altitude and the earliest FAA tower fly-by wake vortex flight measurements – the latter with evidence of unsteady axial flows, associated with core radial changes and hence radial flows. The prevalence of similar wake vortex core phenomena in the series of research projects that the NRC conducted over the period 2006-2021 has been investigated in further detail. It is demonstrated that vented, discrete element vortex core states cover the measured small-scale, high strength vortex velocity attributes of the earliest and the latest transport jet wake vortex flight research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.114 | 0.023 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".