Hurricane transport of ocean-sourced microplastic in the North Atlantic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The atmosphere can transport large quantities of microplastics (MPs) and disperse them throughout the globe to locations inaccessible by many other transport mechanisms. Meteorological events, such as tropical cyclones, have been proven to pick up and transport particulate matter, however, how hurricanes influence the transport and deposition of atmospheric MPs is still poorly understood. In this study, we collected samples of atmospheric fallout from Hurricane Larry as it passed over Newfoundland, Canada in September 2021. During the storm peak, 1.13 x 105 particles m-2 day-1 were deposited. Back-trajectory modelling and polymer type analysis indicate that those MPs may have been ocean-sourced as the hurricane passed over the garbage patch of the North Atlantic Gyre. This study identifies for the first time the influence of North Atlantic hurricanes on the atmospheric transport of ocean-sourced MPs, providing new insight to one, potential key mechanism controlling remote terrestrial MPs occurrence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".