New ichnospecies and redescription of <i>Caedichnus</i> Stafford et al., 2015, traces indicative of durophagous predation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Predation traces on marine shelled prey are informative and widely utilized indicators of predatory attacks in the scientific literature. Most of these traces remain undescribed and unnamed, making it difficult to identify and quantify predatory behaviour in the fossil record. Two new ichnospecies, Caedichnus cisus and Caedichnus lunaris, have been described and erected into the emended ichnogenus Caedichnus, assigned to the ichnofamily Belichnidae (Wisshak et al., 2019 Wisshak, M., Knaust, D., & Bertling, M. (2019). Bioerosion ichnotaxa: Review and annotated list. Facies, 65(2)[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), and a previously proposed synonymy of Caedichnus with Bicrescomanducator is rejected. Both new ichnospecies are indicative of an attack from a durophagous predator and are often associated with repair scars, indicating the attack was unsuccessful, allowing the prey to repair its shell to some degree. The morphology of the prey shell and the method of predator attack are likely to influence both the shape of the resulting trace and whether one results in subsequent repair. Describing predation traces will create consistency between researchers and facilitate the comparison of predation types, predators, and shell morphologies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it