The microstructure, mechanical behaviour, and dissolvability of novel Al-Cu-Zn-Mg-based alloys
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The use of dissolvable alloys (DAs) in hydraulic fracturing is increasing, particularly in low-permeability reservoirs. However, existing DAs based on Al or Mg alloys have limited mechanical properties despite their desirable dissolvability. This studyaims to explore new Al-based DAs with good dissolvability and mechanical strength. Four Al-Zn-Cu-Mg based alloys with various additional elements (Ag, Ga, In, Sn, Zr, Ti, V, and Cr) were prepared using the melting and casting technique. The microstructures of DAs were analysed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Immersion corrosion tests were conducted to evaluate the dissolvability of DAs at 90°C in KCl solutions. Hardness and tensile testing were performed to assess the mechanical properties of the alloys. The resulting phases in the as-cast microstructure included η-MgZn2, Mg2Sn, θ-Al2Cu, Al3Zr, and Al45Cr7, as predicted using the Calphad method. There was a trade-off observed between dissolvability and mechanical properties, with the alloys containing low melting point intermetallic phases exhibiting greater dissolvability but reduced mechanical strength. DA18 withthe highest Ga, In, and Sn (GIS) content, showed intense corrosion but had the lowest mechanical properties. The presence of In-containing phases was identified as the primary cause of Al degradation, while coarse phases reduced the alloy's strength. Overall, all DAs were reported to be brittle with limited elongation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".