A diverse Hirnantian scolecodont assemblage from northern Estonia and resilience of polychaetes to the end-Ordovician mass extinction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the discovery of a rich assemblage of latest Katian and Hirnantian scolecodonts (polychaete jaws) from a new Ordovician–Silurian boundary outcrop in the Reinu quarry, northern Estonia. The recovered polychaete fauna contains at least 40 species attributed to 11 families. Many common taxa appear to range from the latest Katian to the Hirnantian and into the Rhuddanian, indicating the resilience of jawed polychaetes to the end-Ordovician mass extinction. The Reinu assemblage is similar to the coeval faunas known from other Baltic sections, as well as from Anticosti Island, Canada, although with some specific features. The study revealed the highest abundance of scolecodonts in the Ordovician of Baltica, with ca 5400 maxillae per kilogram of rock recorded in the Siuge Member of the Ärina Formation, Porkuni Regional Stage, early Hirnantian.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".