Absence of infective endocarditis relapse when end-of-treatment fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography is negative
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: In non-operated infective endocarditis (IE), relapse may impair the outcome of the disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between end-of-treatment (EOT) fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography FDG-PET/CT results and relapse in non-operated IE either on native or prosthetic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 62 patients who underwent an EOT FDG-PET/CT for non-operated IE performed between 30 and 180 days of antibiotic therapy initiation. Qualitative valve assessment categorized initial and EOT FDG-PET/CT as negative or positive. Quantitative analyses were also conducted. Clinical data from medical charts were collected, including endocarditis team decision for IE diagnosis and relapse. Forty-one (66%) patients were male with a median age of 68 years (57; 80) and 42 (68%) had prosthetic valve IE. End-of-treatment FDG-PET/CT was negative in 29 and positive in 33 patients. The proportion of positive scans decreased significantly compared with initial FDG-PET/CT (53% vs. 77%, respectively, P < 0.0001). All relapses (n = 7, 11%) occurred in patients with a positive EOT FDG-PET/CT with a median delay after EOT FDG-PET/CT of 10 days (0; 45). The relapse rate was significantly lower in negative (0/29) than in positive (7/33) EOT FDG-PET/CT (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: In this series of 62 patients with non-operated IE who underwent EOT FDG-PET/CT, those with a negative scan (almost half of the study population) did not develop IE relapse after a median follow-up of 10 months. These findings need to be confirmed by prospective and larger studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".