Associations of sleep disturbances with cognitive function and plasma Alzheimer’s biomarkers in Chinese rural‐dwelling older adults: A population‐based study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Sleep disturbances have been associated with cognitive impairment, but their associations with plasma Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers have been rarely explored. We sought to investigate the relationships of self‐reported and cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC)‐assessed sleep disturbances, cognitive function, and plasma AD biomarkers among rural‐dwelling older adults in China. Method This population‐based cross‐sectional study included 1987 dementia‐free individuals (age ≥60 years, 55.0% women) who participated in the CPC‐substudy as part of the baseline assessments of the MIND‐China Study; of these, 830 had data on plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, total‐tau, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) that were measured using the single molecule array (SIMOA) technology. We collected data via face‐to‐face interviews, clinical examinations, and neuropsychological test. Sleep disturbances were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the self‐administered Berlin Questionnaire, and the ECG‐based CPC analysis. We used the neuropsychological test battery to assess memory, language, attention, and executive function. Data were analyzed using logistic and general linear regression models. Result Of the 1987 participants, CPC‐measured total sleep time (TST) >8 hours/night (vs. 5‐8 hours) was significantly associated with a lower composite z‐score of memory (β = ‐0.080; 95% CI = ‐0.160 ‐ ‐0.001), language (‐0.114; ‐0.186 ‐ ‐0.042), attention (‐0.104; ‐0.175 ‐ ‐0.033), and executive function (‐0.117; ‐0.193 ‐ ‐0.041). Self‐reported poor sleep quality was associated with a lower composite z‐score of attention function (β = ‐0.077; 95% CI = ‐0.143 ‐ ‐0.011). Self‐reported excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was associated with a lower composite z‐score of memory (β = ‐0.217; 95% CI = ‐0.350 ‐ ‐0.084), language (‐0.182; ‐0.303 ‐ ‐0.061), and attention function (‐0.162; ‐0.282 ‐ ‐0.041). In the plasma biomarker subsample, CPC‐measured TST >8 hours/night was significantly associated with lower plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (β = ‐0.522; 95% CI = ‐0.764‐ ‐0.281) and higher plasma concentrations of Aβ40 (13.419; 6.515‐20.323), total‐tau (0.216; 0.071‐0.360), and NfL (0.071; 0.002‐0.140). There was no significant association between CPC‐measured apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and plasma AD biomarkers (P>0.05). Conclusion Long sleep duration and self‐reported EDS were associated with poor memory, language, and attention function among older adults, in which AD pathology and neurodegeneration may be the common pathways linking sleep disturbances with cognitive impairment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".