Subluxation of the first carpometacarpal joint and age are important factors in reduced hand strength in patients with hand osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the determinants of hand strength in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD: Pinch and cylinder grip strength were measured in 527 patients with hand OA diagnosed by their treating rheumatologist from the Hand OSTeoArthritis in Secondary care (HOSTAS) study. Radiographs of hands (22 joints) were scored 0-3 (scaphotrapeziotrapezoid and first interphalangeal joints 0-1) on osteophytes and joint space narrowing following the Osteoarthritis Research Society International atlas. The first carpometacarpal joint (CMC1) was scored 0-1 for subluxation. Pain was assessed with the Australian/Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index pain subscale, and health-related quality of life with the Short Form-36. Regression analysis served to investigate associations of hand strength with patient, disease, and radiographic features. RESULTS: Hand strength was negatively associated with female sex, age, and pain. Reduced hand strength was associated with reduced quality of life, although less after adjusting for pain. Radiographic features of hand OA were associated with reduced grip strength when solely adjusted for sex and body mass index, but only CMC1 subluxation in the dominant hand remained significantly associated with pinch grip adjusted additionally for age (-0.511 kg, 95% confidence interval -0.975; -0.046). Mediation analysis showed low and not significant percentages of mediation of hand OA in the association between age and grip strength. CONCLUSIONS: Subluxation of CMC1 is associated with reduced grip strength, whereas associations with other radiographic features seem to be confounded by age. In the relationship between age and hand strength, radiographic hand OA severity is not an important mediator.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".