Ceres—No further organic-rich sites: Implications for its evolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Ceres—a potential ocean world—displays multiple signs of recent/current geological activity. There are indications of a high carbon content in its crust, but the exact form of this carbon is elusive. Spectral data acquired by NASA’s Dawn mission revealed local occurrences of aliphatic organics, which are also characterized by spectral redness in the wavelength range between 0.4 and 0.9 µm. But ambiguities in the geologic context led to uncertainties in whether the organics are endogenic or in-fall deposits. Our global search for similar red-sloped spectra reveals that there are no further sites with a detectable amount of organic material; but this observation cannot be extended to imply their complete absence outside the known areas. In addition, there is another surface type that displays red-sloped spectra; but instead of organics, the redness is due to the ongoing exposure of fresh, hydrated materials on the walls and floors of mid-latitude craters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".