Ablation Catheter Tracking with Ultrawideband Radar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgeries result in less trauma, less bleeding and faster recovery compared to traditional open surgeries. Optical tracking systems are used to detect and localize surgical tools during the procedure. Complications arise when there are adverse lighting conditions, or the tools are occluded by tissue, smoke, or blood spatters. To address this issue, a radar-based tracking solution was proposed motivated by its ability to detect objects through occlusions. In this paper, the efficacy of ultrawideband radar for tracking of an ablation catheter was investigated. Three experiments were conducted to test the localization and position tracking of the catheter tip and the detection of catheter pose. Results from the experiment show that a single sensor could localize and track the position of the catheter with 1cm of spatial accuracy, and an array of sensors could be implemented for pose detection. We also discuss the existing limitations of the proposed radar-based procedure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".